IS AN AIDS CURE JUST A WHIFF OF OZONE AWAY?
FORWORD
The 'greatest' "Great Barrier Reef" and sustainer of Mankind on this planet must be our 'atmosphere' and in particular the 'Ozone Layer'. There is already great ecological professional debate and intense monitoring of the 'Ozone Layer' and our atmosphere with respect to weather patterns and the ultimate viability of this planet to support aerobic 'Life', humans included. In the troposphere and stratosphere where the 'Ozone Layer' primarily exists and protects us from the harmful radiation (UV) of the Sun's rays, lies our Oxygen Life Support System and which could be compared to the greatest "Great Barrier Reef" known to Man. In this rare-ified atmosphere the 'Ozone Layer' is not just simply a 'blob' of O3, in fact, the sun's radiation (UV) makes numerous allotropes of Oxygen form, degenerate and re-form well beyond the simple O2 & O3 Man is inclined to think of conventionally, all the time in 'Nature'. The 'atmosphere' is literally ALIVE with Poly-Oxygen formations.
The Ocean, the Tide, the Moon & Gravity all act as the Earth's diaphragm/lung, inhaling and exhaling atmospheric strata's in order for aerobic organisms to continue existing on Earth. This is why we are so unique in the known Universe. The forests and plants during photosynthesis produce the Oxygen content in our atmosphere, which is of course Common Knowledge.
1. BACKGROUND
The first practical use of ozone in medicine was reported in 1891 when laboratory tests proved it to be an effective bactericidal agent in the disinfection of polluted drinking water. (1). Medicinal Poly-O2 was first used in Germany during the First World War in volumes of up to 5% ozone (O3) and 95% medical grade oxygen (O2) for the practical cleansing and disinfection of infected wounds. Poly-O2 was introduced into surgery by Payr in Germany (1935) and Aubourg in France (1936) by means of rectal insufflation to treat ulcerative colitis and fistulae and for the effective treatment of diarrhea secondary to bacterial colitis as well as protozoal colitis (Aubourg, 1938). (2,3). Payr, in 1935, also showed that with care and time, ozone gas could be injected directly subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or with more time, intravenously or intra-arterially without adverse effect. (2). Progress in the application of Poly-O2 was limited due to ozone's aggressive and corrosive character, especially in contact with rubber and various metals, rendering it beyond the tolerance of the materials at hand. With the development of modern resistant polymer-plastics and computer technologies, it became possible in the 1960's to develop medical grade ozone generating equipment that could both withstand Poly-O2 and deliver repeatable, controlled administration doses.
These technological improvements made possible a treatment for ulcerative colitis. Where daily rectal insufflations are applied, doses start with 50 ml of ozone/oxygen and to stop bleeding ulcers followed by lower concentrations to promote resolution. (4).
Polyatomic O2 has shown activity in treating viral hepatitis B, herpes simplex and herpes zoster. (5-7). Ozonization of autologous blood followed by slow reinfusion into the donor (autoheamotherapy) has been used for over 50 years in Western Europe for the treatment of various diseases and tumours. (8).
Early studies document that ozone effectively inactivates both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses when introduced into suspensions in water, effluent, and or cell culture media. (9-14). Non-enveloped viruses, including polio virus, coxsackie virus, bacteriophage p2, canine hepatitis virus, and rotaviruses have been substantially inactivated by moderate ozone concentrations. (14-18). Enveloped viruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus, influenza type A, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus such as vesicular stomatitis encephalomyelitis virus have been shown to be inactivated at even lower concentrations of ozone. (9, 13, 14).
In 1991, Wells et al., reported that ozone could inactivate HIV-1 in a dose-dependent manner. (19). An inactivation of more than 11 logs of virus was achieved within 2 hours at a concentration of 1,200 parts per million (ppm) ozone. Although they could not tell the exact mechanism of action they noted the antiviral effects included viral particle disruption most likely by fluidization of the ability of the virus to bind to cellular receptors (ligands). They stated ozone may react with other components such as serum proteins and fatty acids which produce secondary reaction products, such as hydroxyperoxides, that in turn mediate the actual viral inactivation. Treatment for the same time period with a similar concentration of ozone had minimal effect on Factor VIII activity in either plasma or immuno-affinity purified preparations of Factor VIII.
Carpendale and Freeburg reported that the titre of HIV-1 suspensions in human serum could be reduced in a dose-dependent manner when treated with total reacted ozone at 0.5 to 3.5 ug/ml concentrations. (20). Complete
inactivation of HIV-1 suspensions was achieved by 4.0 ug/ml of ozone in the presence or absence of H-9 cells. In contrast, cellular metabolism as measured by MTT assay, DNA replication, and BudR incorporation were enhanced in H-9 cells grown in media treated with 4.0 ug/ml of ozone. The permissively HIV-infected cell line HXB2/H-9 was cultured in ozone-treated media for six days. HIV p24 antigen was reduced in all treated cultures compared to control cultures, with an average reduction of 46%.
Wagner, et al., examined the effect of ozone on human blood contaminated with HIV-infected lymphocytes. (21). Heparinized HIV-infected T-lymphocytes at a ratio of 1:50,000 mixture was then exposed to ozone in concentrations of 0, 45 and 55 ug of ozone (O3) per ml of oxygen (O2). Control samples were exposed to O2 only. HIV replication, as measured by reverse transcriptase activity, was effectively eradicated by ozone treatment, with a threshold of effect between 45-55 ug O3/ml O2.
Carpendale et al., used ozone in a recent protocol to resolve diarrhea associated with AIDS at the San Francisco Veteran's Administration Hospital. (34). In this study, five patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex and intractable diarrhea were treated with daily colonic insufflation of medical ozone (oxygen/ozone mixture) for 21 to 28 days. Intractable diarrhea was defined as diarrhea of more than one month's duration not responding to routine clinical care which no bacterial or
protozoal cause other than Crypto sporidium could be found. Dosage concentrations were 22-30 ug ozone/ml O2; average volume was 1,100 ml for a total dose of 26-33 mg ozone per treatment. They concluded that medical ozone administered by rectal insufflation for the treatment of chronic intractable ARC/ADDS diarrhea is simple, safe and effective.
Ozone has been patented in the United States for purification of blood products. U.S. Patent # 4,632,980 ("Ozone Decontamination of Blood and Blood Products", Zee Y. C., and Bolton D.C.) which describes a hollow fibre method whereby blood and proteinaceous blood products, employed for their physiological and/or immunological levels at which substantially all of the physiological and/or immunological activity is retained. Poly-O2 has recently been allowed as an alternative therapeutic modality in more than 5 states in the U.S.A.
In fact, dependent upon pressures, temperatures and sub-atomic collisions, O2 has a typical half-life of 140 minutes. When pure medical grade O2 is subjected to a Corona Discharge, whereby the Oxygen is exposed to 18 billion electron bombardments every 60 seconds, numerous variations involving the separated Oxygen atoms (and the energy departed) has a significant effect upon their subsequent re-combinent structures. This molecule reactivity and the atomically reactant stability (particularly when O2 is subjected to a Corona Discharge), not only results in molecular breakdown's, but the re-combinent forms (allotropes) of Oxygen molecules can be governed by the UV frequencies deployed in the Corona Discharge process.
Further, the nature of the energy and the e.v. voltages deployed will also have a significant effect upon the reactive nature and stability of the molecules formed. O3 (Ozone) will occur at 253.7 n.m. and O4 will occur at 151.1 n.m. More recently, PARL has been successful in achieving stabilisation of the O8 molecule (and are well on their way to stabilising O16 & O32, the latter being used for PO2 Direct Tumour Injections), which occurs at 82.5 n.m. The potential advantage of O8 is that the molecule carries in excess of 80 electrons, thus making it an incredibly powerful negatively charged ionising platform. Because of its molecular size, O8 will be susceptible to increased sub-atomic collisions and atomic breakdown, which of course form 'free radical' reactions, and will at controlled concentrations have a beneficial and significant therapeutic impact at the cellular level.
Remarkably, an awful lot of scientists are not aware of the dramatic advances achieved in terms of the understanding of sub-atomic reactions of Oxygen atoms and fail to believe that Oxygen atoms have the ability to come together in numerous atomic forms other than O2 & O3. Multiple molecular structures in excess of O64 + have been observed on the Beer & Lambert Scale analysis spectrum and the equation as defined by the International Ozone Association (IOA) standard 002/87 is Is + Ir * E - XLC, Where:
'Is' is the intensity of light from the sample.
'Ir' is the intensity of light from the reference.
'X' is the O3 absorption coefficient constant at 253.7 n.m. wavelength, O4 at 151.1 n.m.
'L' is the length of the absorption chamber.
'C' is the concentration of Ozone in weight/volume.
'E' is the energy introduced.
*N.B. The measurement of 'Polyatomic Oxygen' using the above U.V. absorption
method is 'absolute' and is recognized as an 'International Standard'.
The analyser solves the equation for 'C' in gm/m3.
Conversion of gm/m3 to % by weight
The numerical computations used to calculate the percent by weight can be
approximated by the following equation:
G = C1 * (TI/P1) * (R/Mc) * 10?, Where :
'G' = the desired % result by weight.
'C1' = the Ozone concentration in gm/m3.
'T1' = the Temperature at which the measurement is taken (°K).
'P1' = the Pressure at which the measurement is taken (mB).
'R' = the Universal Gas Constant 83,143.3
'Mc' = the Molecular Weight of the Carrier Gas in g/Mol.
Various 'Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy' applications/procedures for different medical conditions requires different blood flow rates, concentrations and contacting times.
When coupled with the 'Dietary Protocol', Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy results in the unprecedented medical breakthrough's repeatedly achieved using this therapy system. The 'Dietary Protocol' used in conjunction with Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy involves the use of vitamins and mineral supplements to
elevate the Oxygen carrying capability of the blood in order to carry larger Oxygen molecules during therapy and sustains the half life of the Poly-Oxygen molecules introduced to the patient's blood.
Vitamin 'B' Complex combined with vitamin 'C', Potassium elevation through eating bananas, Ferrous Glutonate & Chelated Magnesium as well as Carbon elevation through eating burnt toast, and a complete reduction in animal
proteins, especially red meats and animal fats, including dairy products & artificial fats such as margarine (replaced by Soya based milk substitutes), has a significant effect in increasing the therapeutic benefits enjoyed from Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy.
As O2, O3, O4 & O8 has already demonstrated its efficacy in therapy applications as a germicidal, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasitic, anti-protozoal, anti-pathogenic & virucidal agent in human in-vivo therapeutic applications, intra- & extra- cellularly, it is imperative that the extensive research conducted to date be made available to demonstrate the phenomenal healing potential of these atomic structures of Oxygen as no micro-organism, pathogen or virus can be exempt from oxidation, ionisation, philli-electric (electro-chemical) interchanges and the denaturing of proteins. All emphasis should be deployed in these areas since all other conventional palliative pharmaceutical anti-microbial & virucidal options have resulted in the evolution of ever more drug resistant anaerobic pathogens and viruses, meaning ever more toxic and sophisticated chemical compositions being developed to counteract and overcome the 'resistance' of these anaerobic pathogens. This is NOT possible with Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy unless the RNA and microbial mechanisms develop suits of 'Teflon' armour. Anaerobic microbes, pathogens and viruses cannot EVOLVE a 'natural immunity' to OXYGEN ALLOTROPES - Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy.
This combined with published Papers by Joel Freeburg, Carpendale, Wells/Latino, Poisz, Otto Warburg, amongst many other notable physicians and scientists in this field of Medical Science proves the non cyto-toxic effects of Poly-Oxygen in the blood and without causing 'cellysis', 'mechanical sheer' or 'haemolysis' of the patients' blood in in-vivo therapeutic applications and confirms the viability and efficacy of
Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy.
'Polyatomic Apheresis' is the name of the process whereby molecular Oxygen (O3, O4 & O8) is circulated in the patient's bloodstream through the use of unique Oxygen delivery devices. The terminology used for this unique Polyatomic Oxygen technology is 'Polyatomic Apheresis' (a dialysis type method whereby the blood is treated with Polyatomic Oxygen in an extra-corporeal loop before re-infusion to the patient over repeated cycles in the same treatment session), and W.D.D.S. (Wainwright Direct Delivery System), whereby Polyatomic Oxygen is delivered intravenously into the
patient's bloodstream.
These devices synthesize the combinent ratios of stabilisied concentrations of O2, O3, O4 & O8 and injects them directly into the bloodstream in precisely measured computer chip controlled dosages, concentrations & flow rates over time for circulation through the patient's own bloodstream. When
Polyatomic Oxygen comes into contact with diseased cells, pathogens, viruses, bacteria, and other micro-organisms in the bloodstream, they rapidly react with them, not only oxidising and eradicating them, but also stimulating the hosts own 'immune system' and encouraging healthy new cells to regenerate. Other therapy techniques such as the use of 'Peroxide H2O2 Therapies' with sterile water & artificial blood additives/substitutes which can carry even more Oxygen in the case of physical trauma, such as <
>, may be used in conjunction with 'Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy'
procedures in order to further enhance the therapeutic effects of these therapy systems in specific medical applications/procedures.
These devices are a significant advance from traditional 'Ozone (O3) Treatments', which have been used in Medicine since the early 1900's. Irrefutable scientific data and therapeutic results attests to the incredible healing properties of 'Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy' (a full blood, blood component and cellular purification system), for its use in the eradication of chronic and serious diseases & infections found in Man &
Medicine. Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy opens up a whole new field of Medical Science which is set to revolutionise both curative and palliative conventional medical therapy's in an unprecedented manner and without the drawbacks, toxicity, side-effects and numerous complications occasioned by conventional 'symptom directed' pharmaceutical drug options, or the trauma, risks and cross contamination of surgical intervention.
IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF POLY O2 THERAPY
HIV is oxidized and inactivated by Poly-O2. It becomes an inert, damaged, segmented, particularized, or attenuated antigen. It is no longer able to attach to, or infect, receptive tissue. However, this compromised and disrupted virus may provide important new antigens to augment the body's immune response to HIV.
Manufacture of a killed virus vaccine with a sufficient degree of general applicability to be effective against the antigenically variable forms of the virus circulating in the world appears implausible. Further, the inherent ability of the virus to mutate would likely render this static vaccine ineffective. Current HIV immunotherapy programs are based on the concept that some constant element of the virus (e.g. GP-160) has been previously hidden from the immune system, but can be recognized when provided in a vaccine format. The new antibodies thus generated may attack those constant elements of the virus and block all relevant points of infectivity. Poly-O2 compromised in-vivo virus is, at minimum, as likely to provide that constant element of the virus as any general in-vitro (laboratory) prepared vaccine.
One could argue that such a constant element which is subject specific is more likely to evoke an effective antibody response than an in-vitro preparation from a laboratory-adapted strain of HIV.
Thus, to the extent that an immune response to HIV is possible, Poly-O2 compromised in-vivo virus may provide the body's immune system with an up-to-date and accurate supply of compromised antigen. When secondary and succeeding immune responses are made, there will be a matching of antibody responses with the patient's own antigens, not a generic laboratory virus. Hence, Poly-O2 inactivation of HIV may create a dynamic autoinoculative immune response, closely in step with the dynamically evolving virus itself.
Poly-O2 provides, in its many oxidative derivatives, much of the virucidal potential expected of healthy activated macrophages capable of producing an oxidative burst, lethal to pathogens (e.g. numerous reactive oxygen intermediated, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen reactions).
In the absence of a natural cellular immune response, or, in a state of inadequate response, the oxidative cascade of Poly-O2 can at least partially fill the void. Helfand, et al., noted that low amounts of hydrogen peroxide and possibly other oxygen intermediates are necessary early in the pathway of IFN activation of human NK cells. (22). Bocci and Paulesu report
that maximal interferon production (about 70 IU/ml) occurred 72-96 hours after exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to optimum Poly-O2 concentrations of 42 ug/ml. (23). Poly-O2, in sum, presents itself as an inducer of a cascade of biochemical events that act against pathogens at each stage of its progression; Poly-O2 and it's oxidative derivatives, and the induced nonspecific cellular and humoral defenses.
FREE RADICALS AND POTENTIAL POLY O2 TOXICITY
Poly-O2 is a powerful oxidizer of lipids due to electron rich multiple bonds in their structure, and in a lagged manner, an oxidizer of proteins and glucose. HIV is a lipid-enveloped virus. Human tissue has natural enzymatic means of mediating oxidative stress; the virus has no defense against lipid oxidation. Disruption or loss of lipids results in impaired or destroyed infectivity. It has been suggested that perturbation
of the HIV-1 envelope may be a suitable approach to HIV inactivation, as oxygen derivatives diffuse through all the tissues of the body and may permeate viral reservoirs in the lymphatic and central nervous systems.
A healthy body has antioxidative defenses that protect cells from potentially harmful effects of normal levels of reactive oxygen metabolites, including the endogenous free-radical scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxides. These antioxidative enzymes comprise the first line of cellular defense against oxidative injury. They function to decompose the precursors, superoxide anion and
hydrogen peroxide, before they interact to form the more reactive cytotoxic radical, hydroxyl radical. A second, non-enzymatic defense against oxygen free-radicals exists to scavenge those that escape decomposition by anti-oxidant enzymes. These non-enzymatic molecules include alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, vitamin A, ascorbate (vitamin C) and sulfhydroxyl and thioether compounds.
To the extent that the endogenous, enzymatic free-radical scavenging system is compromised, and it is known that this defense system is progressively diminished as HIV and its opportunistic infection progresses, indicated doses of anti-oxidants can be administered such that the oxidative burst of Poly-O2 and its derivatives will produce a maximum kill of pathogens, followed by a free-radical "sponge" action produced by administered anti-oxidants. Since free-radical damage accelerates the destruction of immune cells as AIDS progresses, anti-oxidant therapy should perhaps be considered as a routine therapy for HIV infection, independent of Poly-O2, to slow the rate of deterioration from free-radical damage itself.
As infected host cells with pro-viral DNA incorporated into their genome have decreased titres of the protective anti-oxidant enzyme systems to mediate oxidative perturbations, they will be inactivated before uninfected cells. Specifically, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) levels are selectively sensitive to its oxidative stress initiated by Poly-O2 and its oxidative derivatives; infected cells lyse; healthy cells endure and recover. Because an invaded T-cell, monocyte, macrophage, dendritic cell, or other host tissue has a decreased ability to enlist what would be, under healthy conditions, a protective enzymatic response to the oxidative stress of Poly-O2 and will have a shortened existence. Studies have shown that ozone selectively inhibits growth of human cancer cells. (25). The growth of human cancer cells from lung, breast and uterine tumors was selectively inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by ozone at 0.3 to 0.8 parts per million (ppm) of ozone in ambient air during 8 days of culture. Human lung diploid fibroblasts which served as non-cancerous control cells were unaffected by the ozone. Whereas the cancer cell growth was inhibited 40-60%. (25).
Hypothetically, Poly-O2 may have yet another HIV inactivating effect. It is known that magnesium has a tremendous affinity for and will bind great amounts of Poly-O2 and oxygen. The administration of Poly-O2 in the indicated dose for HIV inactivation will produce a significant rise in oxygen partial pressure (oxygen tension). Magnesium is a key element necessary for the function of reverse transcriptase enzyme, which converts RNA to DNA for incorporation into the host cell's genome. (26). The alteration of magnesium from its normal reactive state to magnesium oxide "sponge-molecule" may make it unavailable for use by the reverse transcriptase. This ends HIV's replicative viability and is a supplemental benefit to whatever oxidative damage the Poly-O2 does to the virus by directly oxidizing its lipid envelope and/or its glycoprotein surface probes.
POLY O2 EFFECTS ON OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
As to the specific opportunistic infections, Poly-O2 will act in varying degrees against them, being more rapidly effective against lipid-enveloped viruses. (10). If the primary HIV infection is kept in check, secondary infections will be of a much lower order of concern. An advantageous outcome may be enhanced to the extent to which Poly-O2 and its derivatives directly inactivates significant amounts of cytomeglovirus, herpes and hepatitis families of viruses, all of which are (coincidentally, for the Poly-O2 argument) lipid-enveloped viruses.
Bibliography and Reference Papers:
The major reference Papers that justify the further investigation of Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy (O2, O3, O4 & O8) as and effective anti-retroviral agent in the treatment of HIV/Aids and its opportunistic infections may be sourced from these cardinal Scientific Papers, including:
1. Wells K H, Latino J, Gavalchin J, Poiesz B, 'Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 by Ozone In-Vitro.' 1991.
2. Carpendale M T, Freeburg J K, 'Ozone inactivates HIV at Non-Cytotoxic Concentrations.' 1991 'Antiviral Research', 16 (3): 281-92.
3. Rilling, Viebahn R, 'Use of Ozone in Medicine.' & 'The
Medical Use of Ozone' Karl F. Haug Publishers, Heidelburg, Germany. ISBN 2-7760-1481-4.
4. Wagner K F, et al. 'The Effect of Ozone (O3) on Lymphocyte Populations in Normal and HIV1- infected Blood.' Int'l Conf. On AIDS, Montreal, June 4-9, 1989.
5. 'Scientific' & 'Nobel Nominee' Papers by Basil Earle
Wainwright (Chairman, Director & Head of Research, PA International Group of Companies), circa 1996-1997.
6. US Patent & Trademark Office 'Apparatus and method for inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus' Patent # 6,027,688 Wainwright dt. Feb 22nd, 2000 Patent holder # 5,052,382 'Apparatus for the controlled generation and administration of ozone', and other Registered Patents covering the Intellectual Property Rights of Polyatomic Oxygen Therapy & Polyatomic Apheresis Technologies.
REFERENCES
1. Vosmaer, A; Ozone: Its manufacture, properties and Uses. Van Nosrand publisher. New York., 1916.
2. Payr, E; Uer Ozon Behandlung in der Chirurgie. Munch. Med. Wschr. 82.220-291, 1935.
3. Aubourg, P; L'Ozone Medical: Production, posologie, modes d'applications cliniques. Bull. Med., Paris. 52:745-749, 1938.
4. Rilling S, Viebahn R; The Use of Ozone in Medicine. Haug, N. Y.. 1987.
5. Dorstewitz, H; The Treatment of Virus Hepatitis with Ozone, Kongeressbericht der Aerztilichen Gesellschaften fuer Ozontherapie, Daded-Baden, 1981.
6. Knoch HG; Die Sauerstoff/Ozontherapie in der proctologic. Aktuelle Koloproctologie. Band 1987; 4:161-173.
7. Matassi R, et al.; Ozone as Therapy is Herpes Simplex and Herpes Zoster Diseases, Laraus J. ed. Medical Applications of Ozone. Int'l Ozone Assoc., Norwalk, Ct. 134-139, 1985.
8. Matassi R; Ozontherapia, Org. Ed. Medico Scientifica,
Milano, 1985.
9. Akey DH, Walton TE; Liquid-phase study of ozone inactivation of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 50:882-886, 1985.
10. Roy D, Wong PKY, Englebrecht RS, Chian SK; Mechanism of
enteroviral inactivation by ozone. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 41:718-723, 1985.
11. Harakeh MS, Butler M; Factors influencing the Ozone
inactivation of entericviruses in effluent. Ozone: Sci. Eng. 6:235-243, 1985.
12. Katzenelson E, Biedermann N; Disinfection of viruses in
sewage by ozone. Water Res. 10:629-631, 1976.
13. Bolton DC, Zee YC, Osebold JW; An in vitro system for studying the effects of ozone in mammalian cell cultures and viruses. Environ. Res. 27:466-475, 1982.
14. Bolton DC, Zee YC, Osebold JW; The biological effects of ozone on representative members of five groups of animal viruses. Environ. Res. 27:476-484, 1982.
15. Katzenelson E, Koerner G, Beidermann N, Peleg M, Shuval HI; Measurement of the inactivation kinetics of poliovirus by ozone on representative members of five groups of animal viruses. Environ. Microbiol. 37:715-718, 1979.
16. Emerson MA, Sproul OJ, Buck CE; Ozone inactivation of cell-associated viruses. Appl. Environ., Microbiology 42:603-608, 1982.
17. Kim CK, Gentile DM, Sproul OJ; Mechanism of ozone
inactivation of bacteriphage p2. Appl. Environ., Microbiology, 39:1982:pp.210-218.
18. Vaughn, et al., 1987.
19. Wells KH, Latino J, Gavalchin J and Poiesz BJ; Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Ozone in vitro blood, 78:1882-1890; Oct, 1991.
Polyatomic Apheresis
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Ozone & Polyatomic Oxygen
The structuring thereof using Corona Discharge and/or Ultraviolet Exposure of pure Medical Grade Oxygen for Therapeutic & Medicinal purposes.
